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An engine, also referred to as a motor, is a device which transforms energy into functional mechanical motion. Motors that convert heat energy into motion are known as engines. Engines come in many kinds like for example external and internal combustion. An internal combustion engine normally burns a fuel with air and the resulting hot gases are used for creating power. Steam engines are an example of external combustion engines. They make use of heat in order to generate motion utilizing a separate working fluid.
The electrical motor takes electrical energy and produces mechanical motion via various electromagnetic fields. This is a common kind of motor. Various types of motors function through non-combustive chemical reactions, other kinds could use springs and function by elastic energy. Pneumatic motors function by compressed air. There are other designs depending on the application required.
ICEs or Internal combustion engines
An internal combustion engine happens whenever the combustion of fuel combines together with an oxidizer in a combustion chamber. Inside an internal combustion engine, the expansion of high pressure gases mixed along with high temperatures results in making use of direct force to some engine parts, for instance, turbine blades, nozzles or pistons. This particular force produces functional mechanical energy by moving the component over a distance. Typically, an internal combustion engine has intermittent combustion as seen in the popular 2- and 4-stroke piston motors and the Wankel rotary engine. Nearly all jet engines, gas turbines and rocket engines fall into a second class of internal combustion engines referred to as continuous combustion, that occurs on the same previous principal described.
External combustion engines like for instance steam or Sterling engines differ greatly from internal combustion engines. External combustion engines, wherein the energy is delivered to a working fluid like for instance hot water, pressurized water, and liquid sodium or air that are heated in some kind of boiler. The working fluid is not combined with, consisting of or contaminated by combustion products.
The designs of ICEs available these days come with various weaknesses and strengths. An internal combustion engine powered by an energy dense fuel will distribute efficient power-to-weight ratio. Although ICEs have been successful in various stationary utilization, their actual strength lies in mobile applications. Internal combustion engines control the power supply utilized for vehicles such as boats, aircrafts and cars. Several hand-held power equipments utilize either battery power or ICE devices.
External combustion engines
An external combustion engine utilizes a heat engine wherein a working fluid, like for instance steam in steam engine or gas in a Stirling engine, is heated through combustion of an external source. This particular combustion happens through a heat exchanger or through the engine wall. The fluid expands and acts upon the engine mechanism that produces motion. Afterwards, the fluid is cooled, and either compressed and reused or thrown, and cool fluid is pulled in.
Burning fuel together with the aid of an oxidizer to supply the heat is referred to as "combustion." External thermal engines can be of similar application and configuration but make use of a heat supply from sources like for example exothermic, geothermal, solar or nuclear reactions not involving combustion.
The working fluid can be of any composition. Gas is the most common kind of working fluid, yet single-phase liquid is sometimes utilized. In Organic Rankine Cycle or in the case of the steam engine, the working fluid changes phases between liquid and gas.
